Tiny bits of protein extracted from a 68-million-year-old dinosaur bone have given scientists the first genetic proof that the mighty Tyrannosaurus rex is a distant cousin to the modern chicken.

"It's the first molecular evidence of this link between birds and dinosaurs," said John Asara, a Harvard Medical School researcher, whose results were published in Friday's edition of the journal Science.

Scientists have long suspected that birds evolved from dinosaurs based on a study of dinosaur bones, but until recently, no soft tissue had survived to confirm the link.

That all changed in 2005 when Mary Higby Schweitzer of North Carolina State University reported finding soft tissue, including blood vessels and cells, in a T. rex bone dug out of sandstone from the fossil-rich Hell Creek Formation in Montana.

Schweitzer, in another study appearing in this week's issue of Science, found that extracts of T. rex bone reacted with antibodies to chicken collagen, further suggesting the presence of birdlike protein in dinosaur bones.

For his study, Asara used a highly sensitive technology called mass spectrometry to determine the chemical makeup of bone fragments provided by Schweitzer and her team.

He first had to purify the bone extract, which came in the form of a gritty brown powder that remained after minerals were extracted. Asara then broke it down into peptide fragments, little bits of proteins, isolated into the amino acid sequences that make them up.

"It was very tough to get anything," he said in a telephone interview. He wound up with seven separate strands of amino acid, five of which were a particular class of collagen, a fibrous protein found in bone.

Next, Asara had to interpret the sequences. He compared his results to collagen data from living animals. Most matched collagen from chickens, while others matched a newt and frog.

"Based on all of the genomic information we have available today, it appears these sequences are closer to birds or chickens than anything else," Asara said.

Ultimately, scientists had hoped to find genetic material that was unique to the T. rex. That was not possible with the tiny T. rex sample.

"We never found unique T. rex tags," he said.

In a similar study of mastodon bones supplied by Schweitzer, Asara had more luck.

He compared the samples to a database of existing amino acid sequences and against a theoretical set of mastodon sequences and found a total of 78 peptides, including four unique sequences.

Still, Asara said the T. rex protein sequence was useful in providing clues about the evolution of the species.

The researchers said the results may change the way that people think about fossil preservation.

"The fact that we are getting proteins is very exciting," said paleontologist Jack Horner, who dug up the T. rex in 2003 and is co-author of the paper with Schweitzer.

Horner said paleontologists will need to dig deeper for specimens that have not been corrupted by ground water and bacteria.

"I think we are going to find that many specimens are like it. It will be a matter of paleontologists getting into sites that are not necessarily easy," he told reporters in a telephone briefing.

ask me if I care

Lets take a page from your book, shall we?

YZF you knew what was coming so why the fuck are you posting in here, I'm getting sick of all the preaching. If I wanted a sermon I would be in church, but I don't so I'm on the internetz looking at pr0n so go back to you religion section and stay there.

YZF you knew what was coming so why the fuck are you posting in here, I'm getting sick of all the preaching. If I wanted a sermon I would be in church, but I don't so I'm on the internetz looking at pr0n so go back to you religion section and stay there.

In other words....

BACK IN YOUR HOLE


:roll: :roll: :roll:

As for T.Rex....

I wonder if it tasted like chicken?

Jesus on a t rex...

http://objectiveministries.org/kidz/art/kidzart-jesus-saurus.png

you're on the road straight to hell...absolutely no question
blah

http://i14.photobucket.com/albums/a303/Sup1661/raptorJesus-pnged.png

ROFL!!!

Thats fucking great. YZF your going straight to hell just for being in this thread I suggest you go back to your hole, its for your own good buddy.

Now why in the fuck would I kiss your brainwashed ass.

What are you still telling us we are all going to hell, last time I checked this wasn't your religion section so stop preaching all your bullshit. I've been able to resist the mindless biblical brainwashing till now and its not gonna happen now so stop trying.

O rly? And it seems that is your role in life to be a stupid fucking hick yankee preaching religion as something to make you feel like your life is heading the right way after it was brought to your attention that cousin lovin is a bad thing. If you want to preach this shit none stop then go become a preacher.

Righto , I'll get right on that buddy. I'm not the one who came into this thread trying to convince the forum to become a bunch of christian nutjobs. And I'm not in the religion forum trying to convince everybody that evolution is the way shit went down. It's really not that hard to do you should give it a shot sometime.

O rly? And it seems that is your role in life to be a stupid fucking hick yankee preaching religion as something to make you feel like your life is heading the right way after it was brought to your attention that cousin lovin is a bad thing. If you want to preach this shit none stop then go become a preacher.

Actually YZF doesn't preach or even tell the 'Good News'.

He just spits out garbage on how everyone is a fool and is going to hell....He serves himself and not Him.

you're on the road straight to hell...absolutely no question
now it's blasphemy to go with your list

Blasphemy ?!?!?!?

I did a google search for "Jesus TRex" and it was a posting of a sunday school class where that picture came from.

So now they are teaching blasphemy in sunday school to little kids????

Are you also saying that Jesus couldn't ride a TRex if he wanted to????

Here is another picture from that page!

http://objectiveministries.org/kidz/art/kidzart-fakedinomuseum.png

Man you don't even believe the voices in your head anymore!

Righto , I'll get right on that buddy. I'm not the one who came into this thread trying to convince the forum to become a bunch of christian nutjobs. And I'm not in the religion forum trying to convince everybody that evolution is the way shit went down. It's really not that hard to do you should give it a shot sometime.

You seem mad. It's those damn Flames, isn't it? Why do we always get stuck with bloody McGeough?

TRex chillin with Noah!

http://objectiveministries.org/kidz/art/kidzart-noahandtrex.png

alright, I generally read more than i post here, and I usually just chuckle at you're high-handed, and hypocritical preaching and insulting, YZF, but now your blunt ignorance has me pissed. And you know why? 'Cause you fuckin made fun of Canada, that's why.
it's your role in life as a clueless canadian
fuck that. Canadians receive exactly 1 entire year of schooling more than Americans, and have a higher literacy rate than, what is it down there now, 40%? Pitiful. You go around insulting and dispensing judgment like you were Jesus himself(and at that, Jesus-according to the bible, did no such thing in the manner that you do.) Where's the brotherly love, or acceptance of people that the majority of Christianity preaches(I don't count mormons, lol) My country isn't run by someone who has a lower IQ than the average person, and I don't subscribe to something that I choose to use to make my peers feel inferior, so you know what? You can kiss my fuckin ass, brown-eye and all. Canada ftw.

(I don't count mormons, lol)
:bigthumb:

Not that YZF has much objective knowledge to begin with, but I dono't even seeing him making a point in this thread that will stick.

He seriously believes that there was Dinos on the Ark, which were build by folks that aged to 300 years.

So lemme guess, ur sexual prime/attractiveness is to what age?

Mid-life is 150?

Riiiiighhhttt


*waiting for him to reply that I'm a mindless pervert on the road to hell and such*

This is quite possibly the dumbest thing I have ever read.

http://www.rvc.ac.uk/AboutUs/News/Images/Chicken_TRex.jpg

You seem mad. It's those damn Flames, isn't it? Why do we always get stuck with bloody McGeough?

Oh don't even get me started on them. Jesus was that ever a joke of a game, they better get their shit together for sunday.

I think they will, really there's no where to go but up. What I wouldn't give to see Sutter back behind the bench though. No one can get that team fired up like he can.

and btw, more of these types of studies are now planned, the cat is out of the bag on the fact that soft tissue in dinosaur bones is not unusual

this isn't over, by a long shot

I just means that we have a lot more to learn about the fossilization process and the leaching out of minerals from bones and other tissue.


Heres one for you to ponder. Maybe the conditions were right for a while where the fossilization on the outside of the bone occurs quicker than the inside. And if the outside hardens too quickly it becomes a sealed container of sorts made of stone. Nature's own tupperware if you must.

From the article :

"The team suspects the dry sandstone, combined with the thickness of the T. rex bone, allowed some faint measure of preservation, only about 1% of the purified sample's collagen, the ribbonlike tissue found in ligaments, tendons and bone lining inside the thighbone."


But it still goes to show that they have dated these fossils to millions of years, unlike a few thousand like you want to believe in.

his next response will be the fossils were put here to test our faith, just wait and see.

riiight...

what no zippy comebacks for me? I was expecting quite the retort. something along the lines of I'm a lack-wit, or where are my stats coming from, blah blah blah im going to hell? No? ohhh, I'm disappointed now..

the fossils are the evidence of rapid encapsulation in sediment...that's how they are formed...period



Wrong, there are other means of fossilization other than sediment.

Take for instance volcanic ash:
http://www-museum.unl.edu/research/vertpaleo/ashfall.html

Or take for instance the La Brea tar pits:
http://www.tarpits.org/research/pit91/pit91.html

There are other types: carbonization, recrystalization , authigenic preservation.....



they are relics (and an incredible testimony), to the global flood of Noah's time...the more you understand about fossilization (which only occurs in very unique circumstances), the more the logic of the Biblical account is revealed, and the more bankrupt the atheistic, materialistic, uniformitarian world view becomes


Well I just proved that you don't know jack shit about fossilization....as so goes down your house of cards.



the best part is, the Bible will be proven 100% correct in all things

Not your wacked out interpretation of it

:roll:

you seem like a fairly intelligent person

What? Am I not intellegent simply because I don't share the same believes as you and don't want you ranting all over the forum about them? Especially when you have a perfectly good religion section to post your rants in.

Okay, whatever you say boss. I don't plan on being an english teacher so what does it matter if my post read poorly, and I really don't really care less if you think I'm perverse because there's probably a lot of garbage you consider perverse that really isn't all to bad at all.

Now why the hell would I try to be like somebody else around here, I'm me and so what if I bring some trash with me. It can't be worse than you telling everybody they are sinners that are going straight to hell. Then trying to make us believe your interpretation of the bible.

you're on the road straight to hell...absolutely no question

now it's blasphemy to go with your list


you think that this kind of shit is convicting the sinners? no they'll stay sinners just to spite you. read romans

they don't date the fossils, they date rocks, and arbitrarily assign a date to the fossils based on the rocks

No, they don't. Visit the Royal Tyrell Museum in Drumheller, AB, Canada (near Dreadseb, BTW) and you can watch from behind glass as they process fossils, including testing the bones for age. Not the rocks the fossils were found in, but the fossils themselves.

Yet another common assumption on your part.

Yeah, the Tyrell museum is the shit. I've stayed there overnight on a class field trip it was awesome haha. They also had a piece of amber on display that was found in my hometown which I don't know why I'm pretty proud of. I'd use whatever I can remember from there to convince yzf that evolution is where its at but then I'd be stooping to the same level as him.

still rapid encapsulation


Which doesn't prove your point of a global flood creating fossils....

The point you made was this....


the fossils are the evidence of rapid encapsulation in sediment...that's how they are formed...period


And I proved your absolute was nothing less than ignorant....

So you drop a few words and that proves anything?!?!?

Very weak argument and proves you do twist things around to prove your point. So if you do this here, then you will also do it with the bible.

Thats why the majority of people here believes anything you have to say, because you are a deceiver.

Again, you FAIL.

Nice post count

have anything to back this up?

Well when I was there years ago, they showed us how they excavated all the dirt in order to remove the FOSSILS to be cleaned and tested.

How the hell should I remember I was like 12 at the time, you think my main point of interest was exactly what technology they used and who produced there machine.

All I know for sure is that there were fossils, the tests places the fossils at being a few million years old. I trust that all the scientists, professors and machines are accurate enough to do the job, without me watching there every move under a microscope.

It has to be one of the most annoying things in the world to come into a thread and seeing nothing but a debate on the existence of God.

I thought the original post of this thread was a really interesting read.

And thats why we have no traffic.

And thats why we have no traffic.
Quoted for great justice.

Take Off Every Zig!

Of course it is why there is no traffic here. It is the exact reason I spend so much time away from this place. Its impossible to get into a forum when every single word you say that doesn't go entirely with Marky Mark's words gets attacked as if it is the most evil of evils.

No one wants to hear about they are going to hell, or go into a thread that has something talking about a T-Rex being linked to chicken and read all but the original post being an argument about God.

I think if I were a moderator or something, I wouldn't even allow Mark outside of the confines of the religious section of the forum, if that were to be at all possible. It ruins the rest of the forum for everyone else.

As much as I agree that it is getting old, I don't really feel that this shit deserves a blanket ban. Why can't the servers just be set up so he can't view STB?

His posts in the Guns forum, the Music & Entertainment forum, etc are actually rather decent. It just seems that when he gets in here he can't keep from spouting "the good word."

So c'mon mods. Instead of just banning him to try and cure the problem, why not try something new since your method obviously isn't working.